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Hotel Oaza

Resort

Wellness & Spa in the

hotel Terme

Hotel

„Hollywood“

Jetted tub, Saunas
(Finnish, infrared,

infragreen and steam),

Turkish hammam,

Relax room, Salt room,

Water massage,

Therapeutic massage

Hotel „Hills“-

Thermal Riviera

Outdoor and indoor

pools, fast flowing

river, massage seats, jet

massage, whirlpools,

water slides,

trampoline; the wave

pool

Hotel Malak

Regency

Spa, fitness and warm

swimming pool,

Turkish hammam,

sauna, spacious pool

and massages

(Source: Strategy of the Ilidza development in 2014-2020;
Website of the hotels; Author’s terrain observations & data
collected at the area of Ilidza)

The table above shows the identified hotels at the region of
Ilidza with the spa and wellness program which is based on the
thermal waters. All the hotels are private property. The first 5
hotels belong to the same group- Hotels Ilidza (Austria &
Bosnia, Spa Terme, Crystal Deluxe, Hercegovina, Oaza Resort-
Villas & Apartments), while the other hotels group is presented
with 2 hotels, Hollywood and Hills (the hotels groups are under
the same management). Some of the hotels were created during
Austria-Hungarian period in Bosnia and they are renovated in
2018. For example, hotel Austria & Bosnia- Hotels Ilidza is
designed by Chech architect F. Blazek in 1892 and it was also a
residental hotel of Austro-Hungarian archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Since May 2018 Austria & Bosna Hotel represents an ultimate 5-
star luxury hotel with the spa offer in Sarajevo. However, the
oldest balneological- medical centre is the part of the hotel
Terme, and it’s known since Ottoman period as the “Banja
Terme Ilidza” (Spa Terme Ilidza). Results from the earlier study
(Zunic, 2018) showed that hotels of Ilidza has a positive tourism
trend followed by the annual growth rate in overnight stays 10-
15%. The longest extended-stay guests at the hotels are arrivals
from Arab countries (U.A.E., Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman,
etc.), some of them stay up to the expiring date of their tourist
visa (3 monthes), while the most often guests at this hotels are
arrivals from Turkey and then from the region of SE Europe
mostly the neighbouring countries (e.g. Croatia, Slovenia)
because the competitive price of Bosnian spa centres (qualitative
product for the affordable price between the cheapest in the
region of SE Europe). Marketing workers from the hotels of
Ilidza confirmed that people fly thousand and thousand
kilometres to reach the sulphurous water of Sarajevo, while the
tour guides in charge for the group of Arab tourists stated they
prefer a health spa program and the green surroundings of Ilidza.

Figure 3: Spatial distribution of spa hotels at Ilidza- Sarajevo
(Source: Google Earth Maps, Ortophoto ILIDZA, Satellite
Imagery)

3.2 Genesis of thermal, thermomineral and mineral waters at
the region of Ilidza, Sarajevo

Genesis of thermomineral waters in the Sarajevo field is related
with areas composed of Triassic carbonate close to the
topographic surface or they are covered with thin quaternary
deposits. Thermomineral waters at Ilidza are found in
carbonates, mostly dolomitic carbonate, dolomite and carbonate
from Midd and Upper Triass. It is assumed they were caused by
lateral facies changes, or this structure could be the result of
complex tectonic followed by differential motion in the zone of
Busovaca fault. Triassic carbonates are covered with the gravel
layer which has an average thickness of 3-15 m. The northeast
area of Sarajevo field, between rivers Bosna and Zujevina, is
composed of alluvium 2-10 m, while the area of Blazuj,
Mostarsko raskrsce and Rakovica has an Upper Creda flysch
layer. The area of Butmir, on the profile of Ilidza-Plandiste up to
the mouth of river Miljacka into the Bosna and the Rajlovac
surroundings, is composed of lake sediments from the Upper
Miocene with visible discordant position. The results of isotopic
research thermomineral waters in the area of Blazuj, by the
German firm “Hydroisotop GmbH”, indicated water occurs from
the carbonate aquifer with direct or indirect influx of volcanic
CO2, the groundwater system was formed in the Pleistocene
10.000 years ago, there was also found young waters at the age
of 40, sulphate of mineral waters comes from gypsum-bearing
and anhydrite bedrock, while the low radon content indicates
that ground waters don’t have a direct contact with deposits
enriched with uranium (Heidinger, 2000). The fault of Busovaca
and its transversal and diagonal geofractures had the key role for
the genesis of thermomineral waters. Descending terrain along
this fault resulted in forming the horst structure with Sarajevo-
Zenica basin. The fault on the southwest separates Igman from
Bjelasnica, while the fault of Spring of Bosna- Krupac, on the
northeast of Igman, caused the Sarajevo field elevation downfall
of 1.000 m. Thermomineral water temperatures are the result of
deep infiltration atmospheric waters and geothermal gradient,
static pressure in the lenses of permotrias deposits caused by
differential motions in the zone of Busovaca fault and the
following dynamic factors and ascendation of thermomineral
waters thrue the porous rocks on the long distance under the
extremely high pressure. Suphurous spring (Terma) at Ilidza was
discovered in May 1893, while in August 1894 Professor E.
Ludwig from Vienna researched the balenological parameters of
water (chemical content, temperature 56.8-57.5ºC and stability
of water mineralisation). He stated that the water is good not
only for bath but for drink as well, because it contains some
hydrogen sulphide and a lot of glauber’s salt, chloride,
bicarbonate calcium and magnesium. Thermomineral waters
were also found in recent wells at Ilidza (PP-1, B-3a, IB-1, IB-2,
B-10a, IB-10) and Blazuj (P-1, P-2, B-1, F-1, Mratnjevaca, Aqua
Vitae- Plandiste). Those waters are similar physicochemical
characteristics as Terma and Slana Bara.

Thermal waters were found at wells in Triassic carbonates of
Sarajevo field and Hadzici-Rakovica, and their genesis is similar
with thermomineral’s.

Mineral water sources were found in the area between Vlahovici,
Han Ploce and Buhotina, on the northwest slopes of Igman. This
terrain is dissected by Lepenica which flows from the southwest
to the northeast in its upper area, then the river meanderings and
change her direction to the northwest. Furthermore, Busovaca
fault follows the course of this river which gets a several streams
(tributaries) flowing from the area of Buhotina, Boljkovici and
Azapovici. A several sources of mineral water with the lower
yield occur in the terrain composed of layers from lower triass
covered with alluvium (Boljkovici, Azapovici) or pliocene
deposits (Buhotina) (Skopljak, 2006).

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