AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
1.
Self-repair in case of emergency damage. The power
system and its elements constantly maintain their technical
condition at the required level through the identification of
risks, their analysis and the transition from the
perturbation-based management to the prevention of
emergency damage to the power grid elements.
2.
Encouraging active actions of the end consumer.
3.
Ensuring the stability of energy supply and quality of
energy in all price segments; transforming a system-
oriented approach into the customer-based approach.
4.
Ensuring a variety of power plant and energy storage types
(distributed generation), as well as optimal integration of
generating and storage capacities into the power system,
connecting through standardized technical connection
procedures, and implementing microgrids at the consumer
level.
5.
Expanding power and energy markets to include end-users.
Free access to the energy markets of an active client and
distributed generation.
Smart meters as the main element of the Smart Metering system
are an economical means for obtaining reliable information,
enabling power systems and pricing authorities to widely
introduce differentiated tariffs for energy consumption
depending on the time of day and time of year, and to monitor
and manage energy consumption through stimulating tariff
design, thus ensuring rational use of energy resources.
In general, Smart Grids combine elements of traditional electric
power industry and the latest electric power technologies, as well
as Wide Area Control Systems (WASS) and Wide Area
Monitoring Systems (WAMS), information technology and
communication tools, smart measuring systems, including Smart
Metering, Dynamic Grid Management, energy flow management
systems (FACTS), demand response, increased security, and
reducing energy costs.
It should be emphasized that the implementation of Smart Grid
technologies will facilitate the integration of RES into the
electric energy grid.
4 Assessment of the Structure and Development Trends of
Green Energy Projects in the Russian Federation
According to Bloomberg New Energy Finance data, the total
installed capacity in the Russian Federation for all types of
energy generation is at the level of 225 GW, of which alternative
sources amount to just 1%, namely: biomass (0.6%), small
hydropower plants (0.3%), wind energy, solar power, and
geothermal sources (0.1%) [7]. It should be noted that the
Resolution of the Russian Federation Government of May 28,
2013, No 861-p assumes that by 2020 the proportion of green
energy in the wholesale market will be about 6 GW, that is 2.5%
(Figures 1 and 2).
Figure 1. The target amount of RES capacity commissioning in the Russian Federation, MW [8]
Figure 2. Target localization of RES objects in the Russian Federation, % [8]
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